Bihar

Each row puts every state and union territory with a figure for the same period on one line, lowest on the left and highest on the right. Bihar is the blue dot; India, where the source gives an all-India figure for that period, is the gold tick. Rows read on their own scales: a dot near the right of one row and the left of another says where Bihar ranks, not how big the numbers are.

State domestic product is everything produced inside the state in a year. Divided by the people who live there, it is the nearest thing to an average income each state publishes, though it measures production, not what people take home. Every figure here is on MoSPI's 2011-12 base.

In Bihar, income per person was ₹69,211 in 2024-25, the lowest of 32 states and union territories with figures for 2024-25. Bihar's estimate for 2025-26, which 15 states and union territories have published so far, is ₹76,300. That is about ₹190 a day for each person, before anyone pays for food, rent or school, and before it is split, very unequally, between wages, profits and taxes.

In Bihar, the economy's real growth (GSDP at constant prices) was 8.4% in 2024-25, 10th of the 32 states and union territories with figures for 2024-25, counted from the highest. The all-India figure was 6.5%. Bihar's estimate for 2025-26, which 15 states and union territories have published so far, is 8.7%.

In Bihar, gross state domestic product (GSDP), the size of the economy was ₹9.90 lakh crore in 2024-25, near the middle of the 32 states and union territories with figures for 2024-25 (14th counted from the highest). Bihar's estimate for 2025-26, which 15 states and union territories have published so far, is ₹11.07 lakh crore.

What the state's output is made of: farms, forests and fishing; industry, which is mining, manufacturing, power and water, and construction; and services, from shops and transport to banks, schools, hospitals and government.

In Bihar, services' share was 54.1% in 2024-25, near the middle of the 32 states and union territories with figures for 2024-25 (13th counted from the highest). The all-India figure was 54.9%. Bihar's estimate for 2025-26, which 15 states and union territories have published so far, is 55.2%.

In Bihar, farming's share of the state's output (GSVA) was 22.6% in 2024-25, 9th of the 32 states and union territories with figures for 2024-25, counted from the highest. The all-India figure was 17.9%. Bihar's estimate for 2025-26, which 15 states and union territories have published so far, is 21.2%.

Retail inflation on the 2024 base of the Consumer Price Index, which began in January 2026: how much more the same basket of goods and services cost than a year earlier. Each state has its own basket, so a state's index and the all-India index weigh items differently.

In Bihar, retail inflation (prices against a year earlier) was 4.2% in August 2026, near the middle of the 36 states and union territories with figures for August 2026 (20th counted from the highest). The all-India figure was 4.8%. Something that cost ₹100 a year earlier cost about ₹104 in August 2026, on the average shopping basket of Bihar.

In Bihar, inflation in food and drink was 4.1% in August 2026, near the middle of the 36 states and union territories with figures for August 2026 (23rd counted from the highest). The all-India figure was 5.7%.

From the Periodic Labour Force Survey's calendar-year estimates for 2025, the survey's new design. Usual status counts what a person did for most of the year. Wages are the Labour Bureau's daily rates for men in rural India, as the RBI's Handbook reprints them.

In Bihar, the unemployment rate (age 15 and above, usual status) was 3.8% in 2025, near the middle of the 36 states and union territories with figures for 2025 (21st counted from the highest). The all-India figure was 3.1%.

In Bihar, the unemployment rate among graduates (usual status) was 18.1% in 2025, 8th of the 36 states and union territories with figures for 2025, counted from the highest. The all-India figure was 11.2%.

In Bihar, the share of women working or looking for work was 24.7% in 2025, 4th lowest of 36 states and union territories with figures for 2025. The all-India figure was 40.0%.

In Bihar, the daily wage of a man doing general farm work was ₹363 a day in 2024-25, 13th of the 19 states and union territories with figures for 2024-25, counted from the highest. The all-India figure was ₹398 a day.

Spending from the Household Consumption Expenditure Survey 2023-24; poverty from NITI Aayog's multidimensional index; homes, women's lives and families from the sixth National Family Health Survey (2023-24), with the fifth round (2019-21) beside each figure as the NFHS-6 fact sheets print it. Toilets and cooking fuel are not in the NFHS-6 fact sheets, so they come from NFHS-5.

In Bihar, monthly spending per person in villages was ₹3,670 in 2023-24, 30th of the 36 states and union territories with figures for 2023-24, counted from the highest. The all-India figure was ₹4,122. A month's ₹3,670 is about ₹122 a day for each person in the household, for food, fuel, rent, travel, school and everything else.

In Bihar, monthly spending per person in towns and cities was ₹5,080 in 2023-24, 2nd lowest of 36 states and union territories with figures for 2023-24. The all-India figure was ₹6,996. A month's ₹5,080 is about ₹169 a day for each person in the household, for food, fuel, rent, travel, school and everything else.

In Bihar, monthly spending per person of the poorest 5% of village households was ₹1,639 in 2023-24, 5th lowest of 36 states and union territories with figures for 2023-24. The all-India figure was ₹1,677.

In Bihar, food's share of what village households spend was 52.5% in 2023-24, 3rd highest of 36 states and union territories with figures for 2023-24. The all-India figure was 47.0%.

In Bihar, the monthly income of an agricultural household, from all sources (NSS 77, agricultural year July 2018 to June 2019, paid-out costs) was ₹7,542 in NSS 77, 2019, 4th lowest of 27 states and union territories with figures for NSS 77, 2019. The all-India figure was ₹10,218.

In Bihar, the average cash loan outstanding per rural household, counting those with none (AIDIS, 30 June 2018) was ₹19,112 in NSS 77 (AIDIS), 2019, near the middle of the 33 states and union territories with figures for NSS 77 (AIDIS), 2019 (22nd counted from the highest). The all-India figure was ₹59,748.

In Bihar, the share of people who are multidimensionally poor (NITI Aayog) was 33.8% in 2019-21, the highest of 36 states and union territories with figures for 2019-21. The all-India figure was 15.0%.

In Bihar, the share of people in homes with an improved toilet was 49.4% in NFHS-5, 2019-21, 2nd lowest of 36 states and union territories with figures for 2019-21. The all-India figure was 70.2%. In the previous round, NFHS-4, 2015-16, it was 25.2%.

Nutrition, births, vaccination, blood pressure and blood sugar from the sixth National Family Health Survey (2023-24); anaemia, which its fact sheets do not print, from the fifth (2019-21); infant deaths and life expectancy from the Sample Registration System; government hospital beds from the Ministry of Health, as the RBI's Handbook reprints them.

In Bihar, the share of children under five who are too short for their age was 35.6% in NFHS-6, 2023-24, 3rd highest of 35 states and union territories with figures for 2023-24. The all-India figure was 29.3%. In the previous round, NFHS-5, 2019-21, it was 42.9%. That is about 36 in every 100 children under five, a sign of poor nutrition in the years when it matters most.

In Bihar, the share of births in a hospital or health centre was 81.1% in NFHS-6, 2023-24, 4th lowest of 35 states and union territories with figures for 2023-24. The all-India figure was 90.6%. In the previous round, NFHS-5, 2019-21, it was 76.2%.

In Bihar, the share of women aged 15 and above with high blood pressure, or on medicine for it was 14.1% in NFHS-6, 2023-24, 3rd lowest of 35 states and union territories with figures for 2023-24. The all-India figure was 19.4%. In the previous round, NFHS-5, 2019-21, it was 15.9%.

In Bihar, the share of women aged 15 to 49 who are anaemic was 63.5% in NFHS-5, 2019-21, 9th of the 36 states and union territories with figures for 2019-21, counted from the highest. The all-India figure was 57.0%. In the previous round, NFHS-4, 2015-16, it was 60.3%.

In Bihar, the number of infant deaths for every 1,000 live births (Sample Registration System) was 23 in 2022-23, 10th of the 34 states and union territories with figures for 2022-23, counted from the highest. The all-India figure was 25.

Bank deposits and credit booked at branches in the state, from the RBI's quarterly statistics, and the number of bank branches. Credit is counted where a loan is sanctioned, which is not always where the money is spent.

In Bihar, the credit-deposit ratio (bank loans booked in the state for every ₹100 deposited there) was 54.4% at the end of June 2026, near the middle of the 36 states and union territories with figures for the end of June 2026 (joint 21st counted from the highest). The all-India figure was 83.0%. For every ₹100 deposited with banks in Bihar, they have lent about ₹54 in Bihar. The rest is lent elsewhere.

In Bihar, the total of bank deposits was ₹5.71 lakh crore at the end of June 2026, near the middle of the 36 states and union territories with figures for the end of June 2026 (15th counted from the highest). The all-India figure was ₹256.52 lakh crore.

In Bihar, farm loans' share of bank credit booked in the state was 17.3% at the end of June 2026, 8th of the 36 states and union territories with figures for the end of June 2026, counted from the highest. The all-India figure was 11.2%.

Registered factories from the Annual Survey of Industries; small unincorporated businesses outside farming, from the Annual Survey of Unincorporated Sector Enterprises; renewable power from the Ministry of New and Renewable Energy; electricity supply from the Central Electricity Authority and goods exports by state of origin from the commerce ministry, as the RBI's Handbook reprints them.

In Bihar, the number of factories in operation was 2,692 in 2023-24, near the middle of the 36 states and union territories with figures for 2023-24 (17th counted from the highest). The all-India figure was 2,12,990.

In Bihar, the number of unincorporated enterprises outside farming (ASUSE) was 43,19,314 in 2023-24, 6th of the 36 states and union territories with figures for 2023-24, counted from the highest. The all-India figure was 7,33,99,476.

In Bihar, the renewable power capacity installed was 709 MW in July 2026, near the middle of the 36 states and union territories with figures for July 2026 (22nd counted from the highest). The all-India figure was 2,91,726 MW.

Crop output, yield, irrigation and milk from the Ministry of Agriculture and Farmers Welfare and the Department of Animal Husbandry, as the RBI's Handbook of Statistics on Indian States reprints them; fertiliser use per hectare from the farms guide's state tables. The farms guide holds every crop for every state since 1980-81.

In Bihar, the foodgrain harvest was 214 lakh tonnes in 2024-25, 6th of the 31 states and union territories with figures for 2024-25, counted from the highest. The all-India figure was 3,577 lakh tonnes.

In Bihar, the foodgrain yield was 3,104 kg a hectare in 2024-25, 6th of the 31 states and union territories with figures for 2024-25, counted from the highest. The all-India figure was 2,601 kg a hectare.

In Bihar, the rice harvest was 83.0 lakh tonnes in 2024-25, 8th of the 31 states and union territories with figures for 2024-25, counted from the highest. The all-India figure was 1,502 lakh tonnes.

In Bihar, the wheat harvest was 71.9 lakh tonnes in 2024-25, 6th of the 25 states and union territories with figures for 2024-25, counted from the highest. The all-India figure was 1,179 lakh tonnes.

In Bihar, the fertiliser (nitrogen, phosphate and potash) used on each hectare was 203 kg a hectare in 2020-21, 5th highest of 30 states and union territories with figures for 2020-21. The all-India figure was 137 kg a hectare.

Schools from UDISE+, the Ministry of Education's census of every school, as MoSPI serves it (2018-19 to 2024-25); college enrolment from the All India Survey on Higher Education (2021-22). A gross enrolment ratio counts every enrolled student, of any age, against the population of the official age group, so it can pass 100.

In Bihar, the gross enrolment ratio in higher education (18 to 23 year olds) was 17.1% in 2021-22, 5th lowest of 36 states and union territories with figures for 2021-22. The all-India figure was 28.4%.

In Bihar, the gross enrolment ratio in classes 11 and 12 was 38.1% in 2024-25, the lowest of 36 states and union territories with figures for 2024-25.

In Bihar, the pupil-teacher ratio in the state's schools was 30 pupils for each teacher in 2024-25, joint 2nd highest of 36 states and union territories with figures for 2024-25.

In Bihar, the share of schools with an internet connection was 18.5% in 2023-24, 2nd lowest of 36 states and union territories with figures for 2023-24.

In Bihar, the share of 15 to 29 year olds not in education, employment or training (NSS 79) was 31.9% in NSS 79, 2022-23, 3rd highest of 36 states and union territories with figures for NSS 79, 2022-23. The all-India figure was 25.6%.

Temperature and rain over the whole state, from ERA5, a reconstruction of past weather that the World Bank's Climate Change Knowledge Portal averages over each state's area. Each year is set against the state's own average for 1951 to 1980.

In Bihar, the average air temperature over the year was 25.5°C in 2025, near the middle of the 33 states and union territories with figures for 2025 (15th counted from the highest). Its average over 1951 to 1980 was 25.2°C.

In Bihar, the rain over the year was 1,508 mm in 2025, near the middle of the 33 states and union territories with figures for 2025 (19th counted from the highest). Its average over 1951 to 1980 was 1,421 mm.

In Bihar, the change in days of 35°C or more by 2040 to 2059 against 1995 to 2014, on a middle emissions path (SSP2-4.5, median of the models) was +20 days in 2040-2059, 8th of the 33 states and union territories with figures for 2040-2059, counted from the highest.

The state government's own accounts, from the RBI's Handbook, set against the state's GSDP as the states guide computes it, with what it pays to borrow and how often it ran short of cash with the RBI, from the RBI's weekly and monthly tables. Actual accounts run two years behind; budget and revised estimates are left out.

In Bihar, outstanding liabilities at the end of March, as a share of GSDP was 38.5% in 2022-23, 8th of the 31 states and union territories with figures for 2022-23, counted from the highest.

In Bihar, the gross fiscal deficit, as a share of the state's GSDP was 5.9% in 2022-23, 3rd highest of 31 states and union territories with figures for 2022-23.

In Bihar, interest payments as a share of revenue spending was 8.3% in 2022-23, 21st of the 31 states and union territories with figures for 2022-23, counted from the highest. The all-India figure was 12.3%.

In Bihar, the cut-off yield on the state's market loans, weighted by amount raised was 7.43% a year in 2025-26, 7th of the 31 states and union territories with figures for 2025-26, counted from the highest. The all-India figure was 7.32% a year.

In Bihar, the days in the last twelve months the state was in overdraft with the RBI, having spent past its advances was 0 days in the year to Jul 2026.

Bihar beside the units it shares a land border with, and the three nearest to it in income per person (marked †). Each figure carries its own period; where two periods differ, the figures are not a like-for-like comparison.

10,742 series across 16 guides name Bihar. Each guide explains its measure in full, and its every-cut table holds every series. The figures above link to their own rows. The whole list, with each series' latest value and a link to its row, is one download: bihar.csv.