{
 "meta": {
  "dossier": "public-finance",
  "source": "Computed by India Atlas from RBI DBIE (amounts) and MoSPI NAS (GDP)",
  "product": "public-finance",
  "base": "India Atlas ratio over the NSO back series of 2011-12-base GDP",
  "vintage": "2026-10-10",
  "mock": false,
  "geo": "IND",
  "releaseDate": null,
  "revisionPolicy": "Each year passes through three stages: the budget estimate (February before the year), the revised estimate (February of the year) and the accounts (provisional in May after the year, audited later). The RBI's tables restate a year as it moves from one stage to the next; each stage is kept as its own series.",
  "frequency": "annual",
  "unit": "pct_gdp",
  "latestPeriod": "2010-11 (financial year)",
  "coverage": "Deficits, interest, taxes, spending and debt as a share of GDP on one ruler, 1970-71 to 2010-11: the RBI's rupee figures over MoSPI's back-cast of the 2011-12 GDP series",
  "note": "Computed here: the accounts in the RBI's rupee tables divided by GDP at current market prices from the NSO's back series on the 2011-12 base (gdp-back-levels). India Atlas arithmetic, not an RBI ratio and not an agency link: its own ruler, never joined to the RBI's printed ratios. From 2011-12 the RBI's published ratios are on this same series (checked: our division reproduces its GFD ratio), so this bundle stops at 2010-11. Different from the RBI's published ratios for these years, which divide by the GDP series of the time (1999-2000 and 2004-05 bases)."
 },
 "dates": [
  "1970-04-01",
  "1971-04-01",
  "1972-04-01",
  "1973-04-01",
  "1974-04-01",
  "1975-04-01",
  "1976-04-01",
  "1977-04-01",
  "1978-04-01",
  "1979-04-01",
  "1980-04-01",
  "1981-04-01",
  "1982-04-01",
  "1983-04-01",
  "1984-04-01",
  "1985-04-01",
  "1986-04-01",
  "1987-04-01",
  "1988-04-01",
  "1989-04-01",
  "1990-04-01",
  "1991-04-01",
  "1992-04-01",
  "1993-04-01",
  "1994-04-01",
  "1995-04-01",
  "1996-04-01",
  "1997-04-01",
  "1998-04-01",
  "1999-04-01",
  "2000-04-01",
  "2001-04-01",
  "2002-04-01",
  "2003-04-01",
  "2004-04-01",
  "2005-04-01",
  "2006-04-01",
  "2007-04-01",
  "2008-04-01",
  "2009-04-01",
  "2010-04-01"
 ],
 "series": {
  "centre_gross_fiscal_deficit": {
   "name": "centre_gross_fiscal_deficit_pct_gdp",
   "label": "Centre: gross fiscal deficit, per cent of GDP (computed)",
   "unit": "pct_gdp",
   "group": "Centre",
   "color": "#2E4BD8",
   "data": [
    3.0075,
    3.4458,
    3.9442,
    2.5773,
    2.9001,
    3.5547,
    4.1411,
    3.5377,
    5.0679,
    5.1731,
    5.6432,
    5.0158,
    5.499,
    5.7892,
    6.906,
    7.682,
    8.2742,
    7.4735,
    7.2021,
    7.2235,
    7.7471,
    5.485,
    5.2776,
    6.8787,
    5.6155,
    4.997,
    4.7844,
    5.7553,
    6.3956,
    5.2667,
    5.5524,
    6.0881,
    5.8201,
    4.4144,
    3.9479,
    4.0317,
    3.351,
    2.5907,
    6.1114,
    6.5733,
    4.8935
   ],
   "derived": true,
   "derivedNote": "The Centre's gross fiscal deficit as the RBI prints it in rupees (DBIE report 713), divided by MoSPI's GDP at current prices, the NSO's back series on the 2011-12 base; computed by India Atlas, not an RBI ratio."
  },
  "centre_revenue_deficit": {
   "name": "centre_revenue_deficit_pct_gdp",
   "label": "Centre: revenue deficit, per cent of GDP (computed)",
   "unit": "pct_gdp",
   "group": "Centre",
   "color": "#A3A9B4",
   "data": [
    -0.3482,
    0.1995,
    0.0272,
    -0.3525,
    -0.9638,
    -1.0398,
    -0.3246,
    -0.4134,
    -0.2592,
    0.5617,
    1.3851,
    0.2269,
    0.6768,
    1.1285,
    1.6753,
    2.0697,
    2.4428,
    2.525,
    2.449,
    2.4153,
    3.222,
    2.4554,
    2.4401,
    3.7347,
    3.0196,
    2.4661,
    2.3411,
    3.0058,
    3.7791,
    3.3998,
    3.9831,
    4.3262,
    4.3279,
    3.5187,
    2.4586,
    2.5412,
    1.8855,
    1.0731,
    4.598,
    5.3248,
    3.3041
   ],
   "derived": true,
   "derivedNote": "The Centre's revenue deficit as the RBI prints it in rupees (DBIE report 713), divided by MoSPI's GDP at current prices, the NSO's back series on the 2011-12 base; computed by India Atlas, not an RBI ratio."
  },
  "centre_gross_primary_deficit": {
   "name": "centre_gross_primary_deficit_pct_gdp",
   "label": "Centre: primary deficit, per cent of GDP (computed)",
   "unit": "pct_gdp",
   "group": "Centre",
   "color": "#A3A9B4",
   "data": [
    1.7152,
    2.109,
    2.5396,
    1.2656,
    1.639,
    2.1147,
    2.5204,
    1.9553,
    3.307,
    3.3182,
    3.8725,
    3.1665,
    3.4612,
    3.6588,
    4.5371,
    5.0419,
    5.3699,
    4.3643,
    3.8767,
    3.6237,
    4.0156,
    1.4691,
    1.1952,
    2.6845,
    1.3278,
    0.8459,
    0.5201,
    1.5078,
    2.0011,
    0.7276,
    0.9114,
    1.4467,
    1.094,
    -0.0292,
    -0.0358,
    0.3801,
    -0.181,
    -0.9006,
    2.6258,
    3.2261,
    1.8281
   ],
   "derived": true,
   "derivedNote": "The Centre's primary deficit as the RBI prints it in rupees (DBIE report 713), divided by MoSPI's GDP at current prices, the NSO's back series on the 2011-12 base; computed by India Atlas, not an RBI ratio."
  },
  "centre_interest_payments": {
   "name": "centre_interest_payments_pct_gdp",
   "label": "Centre: interest payments, per cent of GDP (computed)",
   "unit": "pct_gdp",
   "group": "Centre",
   "color": "#A3A9B4",
   "data": [
    1.2944,
    1.3368,
    1.4047,
    1.3117,
    1.2611,
    1.4411,
    1.6207,
    1.5823,
    1.7609,
    1.8549,
    1.7707,
    1.8492,
    2.0377,
    2.1304,
    2.3689,
    2.6401,
    2.9042,
    3.1092,
    3.3254,
    3.5998,
    3.7316,
    4.0159,
    4.0824,
    4.1942,
    4.2878,
    4.1511,
    4.2642,
    4.2475,
    4.3944,
    4.5391,
    4.6411,
    4.6414,
    4.7261,
    4.4436,
    3.9837,
    3.6516,
    3.532,
    3.4914,
    3.4856,
    3.3471,
    3.0653
   ],
   "derived": true,
   "derivedNote": "The Centre's interest payments as the RBI prints it in rupees (DBIE report 353), divided by MoSPI's GDP at current prices, the NSO's back series on the 2011-12 base; computed by India Atlas, not an RBI ratio."
  },
  "centre_total_expenditure": {
   "name": "centre_total_expenditure_pct_gdp",
   "label": "Centre: total expenditure, per cent of GDP (computed)",
   "unit": "pct_gdp",
   "group": "Centre",
   "color": "#A3A9B4",
   "data": [
    12.013,
    13.7513,
    14.2221,
    12.2219,
    12.5175,
    14.5273,
    14.8751,
    14.9063,
    16.6556,
    15.3461,
    15.4819,
    14.6231,
    15.9329,
    15.7877,
    17.3014,
    18.5096,
    19.7622,
    18.8637,
    18.4252,
    18.8349,
    18.2774,
    16.7695,
    16.0779,
    16.1773,
    15.6426,
    14.7875,
    14.411,
    15.0168,
    15.7614,
    14.9906,
    15.2154,
    15.6489,
    16.0266,
    15.2189,
    14.6117,
    13.924,
    13.7118,
    14.5483,
    16.0307,
    16.0921,
    15.6832
   ],
   "derived": true,
   "derivedNote": "The Centre's total expenditure as the RBI prints it in rupees (DBIE report 353), divided by MoSPI's GDP at current prices, the NSO's back series on the 2011-12 base; computed by India Atlas, not an RBI ratio."
  },
  "centre_capital_expenditure": {
   "name": "centre_capital_expenditure_pct_gdp",
   "label": "Centre: capital expenditure, per cent of GDP (computed)",
   "unit": "pct_gdp",
   "group": "Centre",
   "color": "#A3A9B4",
   "data": [
    5.3272,
    5.8341,
    6.0078,
    5.1175,
    5.3655,
    6.3383,
    5.8675,
    6.1506,
    7.1749,
    5.7939,
    5.6833,
    5.7051,
    6.2348,
    5.9016,
    6.3211,
    6.5869,
    6.9279,
    6.1037,
    5.8238,
    5.8178,
    5.5167,
    4.3436,
    3.8994,
    3.8291,
    3.7591,
    3.1864,
    3.0165,
    3.3469,
    3.5478,
    2.4632,
    2.2316,
    2.6279,
    2.438,
    2.2531,
    2.5499,
    1.8271,
    1.6165,
    2.4137,
    1.635,
    1.7699,
    2.0513
   ],
   "derived": true,
   "derivedNote": "The Centre's capital expenditure as the RBI prints it in rupees (DBIE report 353), divided by MoSPI's GDP at current prices, the NSO's back series on the 2011-12 base; computed by India Atlas, not an RBI ratio."
  },
  "centre_tax_revenue_net": {
   "name": "centre_tax_revenue_net_pct_gdp",
   "label": "Centre: tax revenue, net of the states' share, per cent of GDP (computed)",
   "unit": "pct_gdp",
   "group": "Centre",
   "color": "#A3A9B4",
   "data": [
    5.2354,
    5.8421,
    6.2322,
    5.8001,
    6.4213,
    7.053,
    7.168,
    6.787,
    7.6044,
    6.9334,
    6.3633,
    6.6804,
    6.7357,
    6.8604,
    6.9991,
    7.4297,
    7.6387,
    7.7419,
    7.8607,
    7.7743,
    7.46,
    7.5603,
    7.0999,
    6.1015,
    6.5644,
    6.7966,
    6.7178,
    6.1912,
    5.9049,
    6.4514,
    6.3862,
    5.7675,
    6.3606,
    6.6958,
    7.0551,
    7.4409,
    8.2541,
    8.9728,
    8.0397,
    7.171,
    7.4644
   ],
   "derived": true,
   "derivedNote": "The Centre's tax revenue, net of the states' share as the RBI prints it in rupees (DBIE report 655), divided by MoSPI's GDP at current prices, the NSO's back series on the 2011-12 base; computed by India Atlas, not an RBI ratio."
  },
  "centre_revenue_receipts": {
   "name": "centre_revenue_receipts_pct_gdp",
   "label": "Centre: revenue receipts, per cent of GDP (computed)",
   "unit": "pct_gdp",
   "group": "Centre",
   "color": "#A3A9B4",
   "data": [
    7.0339,
    7.7176,
    8.1872,
    7.4569,
    8.1157,
    9.2287,
    9.3322,
    9.1691,
    9.7399,
    8.9906,
    8.4135,
    8.6957,
    9.0213,
    8.7576,
    9.305,
    9.853,
    10.3915,
    10.2351,
    10.1525,
    10.6018,
    9.5388,
    9.9704,
    9.7384,
    8.6134,
    8.8639,
    9.135,
    9.0535,
    8.6641,
    8.4345,
    9.1277,
    9.0007,
    8.6948,
    9.2607,
    9.4471,
    9.6032,
    9.5558,
    10.2098,
    11.0615,
    9.7977,
    8.9974,
    10.3278
   ],
   "derived": true,
   "derivedNote": "The Centre's revenue receipts as the RBI prints it in rupees (DBIE report 655), divided by MoSPI's GDP at current prices, the NSO's back series on the 2011-12 base; computed by India Atlas, not an RBI ratio."
  },
  "centre_liabilities": {
   "name": "centre_liabilities_pct_gdp",
   "label": "Centre: outstanding liabilities, per cent of GDP (computed)",
   "unit": "pct_gdp",
   "group": "Centre",
   "color": "#A3A9B4",
   "data": [
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    42.1115,
    42.5033,
    47.2973,
    46.2714,
    48.9484,
    53.2952,
    57.4262,
    60.5686,
    60.1183,
    62.0069,
    60.639,
    64.5352,
    63.142,
    63.7473,
    61.3288,
    58.3437,
    55.2762,
    57.2306,
    57.1285,
    57.8085,
    60.4045,
    64.5505,
    68.0272,
    67.1338,
    66.6825,
    64.975,
    61.9814,
    59.9241,
    59.848,
    57.2562,
    53.1745
   ],
   "derived": true,
   "derivedNote": "The Centre's outstanding liabilities as the RBI prints it in rupees (DBIE report 1399), divided by MoSPI's GDP at current prices, the NSO's back series on the 2011-12 base; computed by India Atlas, not an RBI ratio."
  },
  "states_gross_fiscal_deficit": {
   "name": "states_gross_fiscal_deficit_pct_gdp",
   "label": "States: gross fiscal deficit, per cent of GDP (computed)",
   "unit": "pct_gdp",
   "group": "States",
   "color": "#A3A9B4",
   "data": [
    1.9246,
    2.095,
    2.4418,
    2.1862,
    1.5659,
    1.2932,
    1.6501,
    1.9592,
    2.3458,
    2.3251,
    2.5248,
    2.351,
    2.58,
    2.8253,
    3.2511,
    2.6433,
    2.9114,
    3.1003,
    2.7185,
    3.1287,
    3.261,
    2.8539,
    2.7446,
    2.3247,
    2.6575,
    2.5606,
    2.6212,
    2.8133,
    4.1356,
    4.5315,
    4.1087,
    4.0713,
    4.0009,
    4.3198,
    3.3824,
    2.4802,
    1.8218,
    1.5403,
    2.4408,
    2.9659,
    2.1149
   ],
   "derived": true,
   "derivedNote": "The states' gross fiscal deficit as the RBI prints it in rupees (DBIE report 451), divided by MoSPI's GDP at current prices, the NSO's back series on the 2011-12 base; computed by India Atlas, not an RBI ratio."
  },
  "states_revenue_deficit": {
   "name": "states_revenue_deficit_pct_gdp",
   "label": "States: revenue deficit, per cent of GDP (computed)",
   "unit": "pct_gdp",
   "group": "States",
   "color": "#A3A9B4",
   "data": [
    0.0406,
    -0.012,
    0.1267,
    0.174,
    -0.4976,
    -1.1407,
    -1.1948,
    -0.9796,
    -1.0074,
    -1.2528,
    -1.0105,
    -0.7981,
    -0.4595,
    -0.0933,
    0.366,
    -0.2298,
    -0.0534,
    0.3007,
    0.4209,
    0.7464,
    0.9215,
    0.8533,
    0.6718,
    0.442,
    0.6526,
    0.715,
    1.2101,
    1.132,
    2.5087,
    2.7436,
    2.585,
    2.6087,
    2.2939,
    2.2706,
    1.2289,
    0.1931,
    -0.5842,
    -0.8766,
    -0.2298,
    0.4872,
    -0.04
   ],
   "derived": true,
   "derivedNote": "The states' revenue deficit as the RBI prints it in rupees (DBIE report 451), divided by MoSPI's GDP at current prices, the NSO's back series on the 2011-12 base; computed by India Atlas, not an RBI ratio."
  },
  "states_liabilities": {
   "name": "states_liabilities_pct_gdp",
   "label": "States: outstanding liabilities, per cent of GDP (computed)",
   "unit": "pct_gdp",
   "group": "States",
   "color": "#A3A9B4",
   "data": [
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    18.212,
    18.3215,
    19.1329,
    19.1932,
    20.1179,
    21.5633,
    21.9481,
    22.4338,
    21.8398,
    22.2692,
    22.2449,
    22.2013,
    22.1185,
    21.4471,
    21.0665,
    20.6983,
    20.4972,
    21.408,
    22.5457,
    25.6269,
    27.7654,
    29.8348,
    31.5504,
    32.3425,
    31.8255,
    31.5991,
    29.1818,
    27.1156,
    26.6622,
    25.8961,
    23.9568
   ],
   "derived": true,
   "derivedNote": "The states' outstanding liabilities as the RBI prints it in rupees (DBIE report 452), divided by MoSPI's GDP at current prices, the NSO's back series on the 2011-12 base; computed by India Atlas, not an RBI ratio."
  },
  "combined_gross_fiscal_deficit": {
   "name": "combined_gross_fiscal_deficit_pct_gdp",
   "label": "Centre and states: gross fiscal deficit, per cent of GDP (computed)",
   "unit": "pct_gdp",
   "group": "Centre and states",
   "color": "#A3A9B4",
   "data": [
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    7.3302,
    6.1398,
    5.752,
    7.0959,
    8.7288,
    7.7931,
    9.671,
    8.9625,
    8.3582,
    8.7446,
    9.3003,
    6.9233,
    6.8844,
    8.0996,
    6.9717,
    6.4426,
    6.2549,
    7.1665,
    8.8616,
    9.2959,
    9.3394,
    9.7798,
    9.4273,
    8.3974,
    7.3665,
    6.5956,
    5.1503,
    4.0646,
    8.4716,
    9.4978,
    6.995
   ],
   "derived": true,
   "derivedNote": "The Centre's and states' gross fiscal deficit as the RBI prints it in rupees (DBIE report 346), divided by MoSPI's GDP at current prices, the NSO's back series on the 2011-12 base; computed by India Atlas, not an RBI ratio."
  },
  "combined_liabilities": {
   "name": "combined_liabilities_pct_gdp",
   "label": "Centre and states: outstanding liabilities, per cent of GDP (computed)",
   "unit": "pct_gdp",
   "group": "Centre and states",
   "color": "#A3A9B4",
   "data": [
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    null,
    48.7774,
    49.7769,
    54.2255,
    53.4669,
    56.9301,
    61.5694,
    65.9828,
    69.349,
    68.889,
    71.2918,
    70.0584,
    74.1638,
    73.2723,
    73.6604,
    71.2731,
    68.4613,
    65.4948,
    67.451,
    68.2838,
    71.7076,
    74.9621,
    80.1723,
    84.3159,
    84.6883,
    83.5725,
    80.4047,
    75.3658,
    72.7306,
    73.7281,
    71.8394,
    66.8827
   ],
   "derived": true,
   "derivedNote": "The Centre's and states' outstanding liabilities as the RBI prints it in rupees (DBIE report 339), divided by MoSPI's GDP at current prices, the NSO's back series on the 2011-12 base; computed by India Atlas, not an RBI ratio."
  }
 }
}