{ "meta": { "dossier": "public-finance", "source": "Reserve Bank of India, DBIE (via the Data Bank)", "product": "public-finance", "base": "n/a", "vintage": "2026-10-10", "mock": false, "geo": "IND", "releaseDate": null, "revisionPolicy": "Each year passes through three stages: the budget estimate (February before the year), the revised estimate (February of the year) and the accounts (provisional in May after the year, audited later). The RBI's tables restate a year as it moves from one stage to the next; each stage is kept as its own series.", "frequency": "annual", "unit": "inr_crore", "stages": { "accountsTo": "2023-24", "revisedEstimate": "2024-25", "budgetEstimate": "2025-26" }, "scope": "combined", "table": { "report": "339", "handbook": 84, "title": "Combined liabilities of the central and state governments" }, "latestPeriod": "2025-26 (financial year)", "coverage": "What the Centre and the states owe together, ₹ crore, 1980-81 on", "note": "RBI, Combined liabilities of the central and state governments (DBIE report 339; Handbook of Statistics on the Indian Economy). Amounts in ₹ crore (DBIE serves rupees). The combined total adjusts for what one government owes the other; it is not the sum of the Centre's and the states' liabilities (Handbook note 4). External liabilities at the current exchange rate. Stages, from the printed table's own note: accounts to 2023-24, the revised estimate for 2024-25 and the budget estimate for 2025-26, each in its own series (suffix __re and __be), never one line. Cross-checked against the printed table (Innovation Hub export of Handbook report 84): 276 of 276 figures match." }, "dates": [ "1980-04-01", "1981-04-01", "1982-04-01", "1983-04-01", "1984-04-01", "1985-04-01", "1986-04-01", "1987-04-01", "1988-04-01", "1989-04-01", "1990-04-01", "1991-04-01", "1992-04-01", "1993-04-01", "1994-04-01", "1995-04-01", "1996-04-01", "1997-04-01", "1998-04-01", "1999-04-01", "2000-04-01", "2001-04-01", "2002-04-01", "2003-04-01", "2004-04-01", "2005-04-01", "2006-04-01", "2007-04-01", "2008-04-01", "2009-04-01", "2010-04-01", "2011-04-01", "2012-04-01", "2013-04-01", "2014-04-01", "2015-04-01", "2016-04-01", "2017-04-01", "2018-04-01", "2019-04-01", "2020-04-01", "2021-04-01", "2022-04-01", "2023-04-01", "2024-04-01", "2025-04-01" ], "series": { "external_liabilities": { "name": "external_liabilities_inr_crore", "label": "External liabilities", "color": "#2E4BD8", "stage": "accounts", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 0, "data": [ 13479, 17577, 20214, 24004, 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