{ "meta": { "dossier": "public-finance", "source": "Reserve Bank of India, DBIE (via the Data Bank)", "product": "public-finance", "base": "n/a", "vintage": "2026-10-10", "mock": false, "geo": "IND", "releaseDate": null, "revisionPolicy": "Each year passes through three stages: the budget estimate (February before the year), the revised estimate (February of the year) and the accounts (provisional in May after the year, audited later). The RBI's tables restate a year as it moves from one stage to the next; each stage is kept as its own series.", "frequency": "annual", "unit": "inr_crore", "stages": { "accountsTo": "2023-24", "revisedEstimate": "2024-25", "budgetEstimate": "2025-26" }, "scope": "states", "table": { "report": "452", "handbook": 83, "title": "Outstanding liabilities of the state governments" }, "latestPeriod": "2025-26 (financial year)", "coverage": "What all states together owe at the end of each March, by instrument, ₹ crore, 1980-81 on", "note": "RBI, Outstanding liabilities of the state governments (DBIE report 452; Handbook of Statistics on the Indian Economy). Amounts in ₹ crore (DBIE serves rupees). Total liabilities include reserve funds, deposits and advances and contingency funds (Handbook note 3). Market loans include power bonds to 2014-15; UDAY bonds are in 'compensation and other bonds' from 2015-16 (notes 4 and 5). Stages, from the printed table's own note: accounts to 2023-24, the revised estimate for 2024-25 and the budget estimate for 2025-26, each in its own series (suffix __re and __be), never one line. Cross-checked against the printed table (Innovation Hub export of Handbook report 83): 609 of 609 figures match." }, "dates": [ "1980-04-01", "1981-04-01", "1982-04-01", "1983-04-01", "1984-04-01", "1985-04-01", "1986-04-01", "1987-04-01", "1988-04-01", "1989-04-01", "1990-04-01", "1991-04-01", "1992-04-01", "1993-04-01", "1994-04-01", "1995-04-01", "1996-04-01", "1997-04-01", "1998-04-01", "1999-04-01", "2000-04-01", "2001-04-01", "2002-04-01", "2003-04-01", "2004-04-01", "2005-04-01", "2006-04-01", "2007-04-01", "2008-04-01", "2009-04-01", "2010-04-01", "2011-04-01", "2012-04-01", "2013-04-01", "2014-04-01", "2015-04-01", "2016-04-01", "2017-04-01", "2018-04-01", "2019-04-01", "2020-04-01", "2021-04-01", "2022-04-01", "2023-04-01", "2024-04-01", "2025-04-01" ], "series": { "state_provident_funds": { "name": "state_provident_funds_inr_crore", "label": "State provident funds", "color": "#2E4BD8", "stage": "accounts", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 0, "data": [ 2185, 2571, 3163, 3830, 4846, 5743, 6699, 7994, 9625, 11514, 14002, 16357, 19347, 22996, 26783, 30984, 35556, 40823, 50827, 65600, 76446, 84423, 91618, 98550, 106584, 116201, 126211, 137077, 149887, 169366, 193088, 215716.3, 237789.73, 259327.04, 281746.84, 305149.64, 333092.7, 359645, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null ] }, "total_liabilities_of_the_states": { "name": "total_liabilities_of_the_states_inr_crore", "label": "Total liabilities of the states", "color": "#A3A9B4", "stage": "accounts", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 1, "data": [ 26783, 31655, 36975, 43199, 50735, 61355, 69875, 81180, 93772, 109849, 128155, 147030, 168365, 187875, 216473, 249535, 285898, 330816, 399576, 509529, 594147, 690747, 786430, 903174, 1014067, 1147717, 1241576, 1328302, 1470195, 1648650, 1828976, 1993917, 2210245, 2471263, 2703760, 3218126, 3809357, 4292495, 4786770, 5350716, 6155000, 6876178.9, 7592686.2, 8466143.8, null, null ] }, "total_liabilities_of_the_states__re": { "name": "total_liabilities_of_the_states_re_inr_crore", "label": "Total liabilities of the states: revised estimate 2024-25", "color": "#C47A16", "stage": "re", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 2, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 9386243.6, null ] }, "total_liabilities_of_the_states__be": { "name": "total_liabilities_of_the_states_be_inr_crore", "label": "Total liabilities of the states: budget estimate 2025-26", "color": "#5F6675", "stage": "be", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 3, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 10427920.8 ] }, "insurance_and_pension_fund_trust_and_endowments": { "name": "insurance_and_pension_fund_trust_and_endowments_inr_crore", "label": "Insurance and pension fund trust and endowments", "color": "#A3A9B4", "stage": "accounts", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 4, "data": [ 351, 439, 576, 720, 671, 1082, 1256, 1589, 1960, 2377, 2859, 3433, 4168, 4976, 6111, 7232, 8539, 10020, 12429, 14923, 17183, 19392, 22060, 23291, 24244, 24605, 23709, 24895, 27547, 31194, 35148, 37729.6, 41575.26, 46469.49, 38338.33, 47061.07, 73062, 80839, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null ] }, "contingency_funds": { "name": "contingency_funds_inr_crore", "label": "Contingency funds", "color": "#A3A9B4", "stage": "accounts", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 5, "data": [ 37, 1, -45, 17, 263, 415, 448, 521, 393, 956, 995, 969, 762, 658, 489, 929, 511, 921, 445, 1533, 714, 1042, 314, 246, 527, 1322, 1319, 2073, 2853, 2433, 3374, 3141.5, 3446.23, 3099.75, 6121, 4172.83, 4469.1, 4088, 6710.78, 5737.1, 5152, 7813.7, 9992.7, 8831.8, null, null ] }, "contingency_funds__re": { "name": "contingency_funds_re_inr_crore", "label": "Contingency funds: revised estimate 2024-25", "color": "#C47A16", "stage": "re", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 6, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 9915.8, null ] }, "contingency_funds__be": { "name": "contingency_funds_be_inr_crore", "label": "Contingency funds: budget estimate 2025-26", "color": "#5F6675", "stage": "be", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 7, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 9965.8 ] }, "loans_from_banks_and_other_institutions": { "name": "loans_from_banks_and_other_institutions_inr_crore", "label": "Loans from banks and other institutions", "color": "#A3A9B4", "stage": "accounts", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 8, "data": [ 914, 1051, 1205, 1357, 1539, 1618, 1544, 1922, 2121, 2544, 2513, 2910, 3228, 3429, 3989, 4838, 5106, 7734, 10789, 17110, 29213, 40894, 51198, 65960, 67921, 71845, 69338, 71438, 77780, 83482, 81718, 83082.7, 85184.35, 88759.04, 94754.32, 140214.58, 198570.7, 211944, 232051.21, 255976.5, 258531, 260004, 263959.9, 281702.8, null, null ] }, "loans_from_banks_and_other_institutions__re": { "name": "loans_from_banks_and_other_institutions_re_inr_crore", "label": "Loans from banks and other institutions: revised estimate 2024-25", "color": "#C47A16", "stage": "re", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 9, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 288013.1, null ] }, "loans_from_banks_and_other_institutions__be": { "name": "loans_from_banks_and_other_institutions_be_inr_crore", "label": "Loans from banks and other institutions: budget estimate 2025-26", "color": "#5F6675", "stage": "be", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 10, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 294278.1 ] }, "market_loans": { "name": "market_loans_inr_crore", "label": "Market loans", "color": "#A3A9B4", "stage": "accounts", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 11, "data": [ 2988, 3328, 3735, 4323, 5101, 6104, 7271, 8793, 10765, 13063, 15652, 19008, 22480, 26119, 31200, 37088, 43602, 50847, 61477, 75427, 86767, 104027, 133066, 208901, 243362, 260506, 268828, 321651, 423615, 534569, 618518, 752682.9, 883267.8, 1057599.31, 1272103.47, 1516071.2, 1857110.23, 2206107, 2561386.8, 3058826.5, 3722110, 4235944.3, 4778760.4, 5519895, null, null ] }, "market_loans__re": { "name": "market_loans_re_inr_crore", "label": "Market loans: revised estimate 2024-25", "color": "#C47A16", "stage": "re", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 12, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 6297231.1, null ] }, "market_loans__be": { "name": "market_loans_be_inr_crore", "label": "Market loans: budget estimate 2025-26", "color": "#5F6675", "stage": "be", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 13, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 7193665.4 ] }, "loans_and_advances_from_central_government": { "name": "loans_and_advances_from_central_government_inr_crore", "label": "Loans and advances from central government", "color": "#A3A9B4", "stage": "accounts", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 14, "data": [ 16980, 19080, 23557, 26979, 30555, 38786, 43702, 49534, 56222, 64139, 73521, 82979, 91626, 101122, 115238, 129264, 146168, 168656, 199007, 230331, 238655, 249551, 249179, 192981, 160045, 157004, 146653, 145098, 143870, 143152, 144170, 143547.7, 144812.42, 145809.36, 147166.8, 148217.37, 153463.11, 162011, 171534.32, 160814.2, 313511, 492213, 581566.1, 623357.8, null, null ] }, "loans_and_advances_from_central_government__re": { "name": "loans_and_advances_from_central_government_re_inr_crore", "label": "Loans and advances from central government: revised estimate 2024-25", "color": "#C47A16", "stage": "re", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 15, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 793791.9, null ] }, "loans_and_advances_from_central_government__be": { "name": "loans_and_advances_from_central_government_be_inr_crore", "label": "Loans and advances from central government: budget estimate 2025-26", "color": "#5F6675", "stage": "be", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 16, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 963158.8 ] }, "compensation_and_other_bonds": { "name": "compensation_and_other_bonds_inr_crore", "label": "Compensation and other bonds", "color": "#A3A9B4", "stage": "accounts", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 17, "data": [ 59, 54, 50, 48, 43, 41, 36, 10, 2, -2, 60, 64, 72, 79, 77, 76, 74, 77, 66, 65, 62, 59, 63, 82, 83, 82, 82, 80, 80, 79, 78, 75, 75.02, 76.73, 143.84, 118989.45, 228047.79, 223801.2, 217232.42, 207203, 195982, 174344, 150325.5, 126334.7, null, null ] }, "compensation_and_other_bonds__re": { "name": "compensation_and_other_bonds_re_inr_crore", "label": "Compensation and other bonds: revised estimate 2024-25", "color": "#C47A16", "stage": "re", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 18, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 102342.3, null ] }, "compensation_and_other_bonds__be": { "name": "compensation_and_other_bonds_be_inr_crore", "label": "Compensation and other bonds: budget estimate 2025-26", "color": "#5F6675", "stage": "be", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 19, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 102342.3 ] }, "total_provident_funds": { "name": "total_provident_funds_inr_crore", "label": "Total provident funds", "color": "#A3A9B4", "stage": "accounts", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 20, "data": [ 2536, 3010, 3739, 4550, 5517, 6825, 7955, 9583, 11585, 13891, 16861, 19790, 23515, 27972, 32894, 38216, 44095, 50843, 63256, 80523, 93629, 103815, 113678, 121841, 130828, 140806, 149920, 161972, 177434, 200561, 228235, 253446, 279365, 305797, 320085, 352211, 406155, 440484, 486939, 526096, 539887, 576645.5, 601325.1, 621447.2, null, null ] }, "total_provident_funds__re": { "name": "total_provident_funds_re_inr_crore", "label": "Total provident funds: revised estimate 2024-25", "color": "#C47A16", "stage": "re", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 21, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 641433.8, null ] }, "total_provident_funds__be": { "name": "total_provident_funds_be_inr_crore", "label": "Total provident funds: budget estimate 2025-26", "color": "#5F6675", "stage": "be", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 22, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 664356.8 ] }, "deposits_and_advances": { "name": "deposits_and_advances_inr_crore", "label": "Deposits and advances", "color": "#A3A9B4", "stage": "accounts", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 23, "data": [ 2338, 2721, 3163, 3927, 4543, 5244, 6248, 7688, 8705, 9940, 12769, 14502, 18911, 19009, 22963, 26654, 31436, 36609, 42357, 52193, 59328, 64325, 65036, 69116, 75290, 86691, 101068, 116591, 128350, 134527, 153656, 178976.6, 195229.47, 229994, 246094.41, 259541.73, 330211.8, 390465, 465421.53, 517995.1, 531477, 541690, 605376.6, 661856.8, null, null ] }, "deposits_and_advances__re": { "name": "deposits_and_advances_re_inr_crore", "label": "Deposits and advances: revised estimate 2024-25", "color": "#C47A16", "stage": "re", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 24, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 665066.2, null ] }, "deposits_and_advances__be": { "name": "deposits_and_advances_be_inr_crore", "label": "Deposits and advances: budget estimate 2025-26", "color": "#5F6675", "stage": "be", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 25, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 653162.4 ] }, "wma_from_rbi": { "name": "wma_from_rbi_inr_crore", "label": "WMA from RBI", "color": "#A3A9B4", "stage": "accounts", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 26, "data": [ 482, 1750, 617, 812, 1640, 286, 214, 129, 325, 589, 1050, 1288, 1073, 1306, 608, 1894, 2557, 630, 4858, 7328, 6559, 9419, 2512, 3375, 1498, 407, 299, 255, 372, 481, 1410, 609.9, 553.74, 1402.34, 4482.55, 57.09, 842.87, 1775, 1518.63, 2493.7, 2691, 974.4, -122.4, 3506.8, null, null ] }, "wma_from_rbi__re": { "name": "wma_from_rbi_re_inr_crore", "label": "WMA from RBI: revised estimate 2024-25", "color": "#C47A16", "stage": "re", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 27, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 4745.9, null ] }, "wma_from_rbi__be": { "name": "wma_from_rbi_be_inr_crore", "label": "WMA from RBI: budget estimate 2025-26", "color": "#5F6675", "stage": "be", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 28, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 4645.9 ] }, "reserve_funds": { "name": "reserve_funds_inr_crore", "label": "Reserve funds", "color": "#A3A9B4", "stage": "accounts", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 29, "data": [ 449, 661, 954, 1186, 1534, 2036, 2457, 3000, 3654, 4729, 4734, 5519, 6698, 8180, 9013, 10577, 12350, 14498, 17320, 19769, 22868, 27389, 32188, 42217, 52311, 63120, 78761, 78265, 83927, 94350, 103172, 91936.3, 131558, 149496.45, 99592.8, 138461.09, 122653.5, 176143, 201956.08, 205977.5, 210535, 237072.3, 288208.7, 336775.5, null, null ] }, "reserve_funds__re": { "name": "reserve_funds_re_inr_crore", "label": "Reserve funds: revised estimate 2024-25", "color": "#C47A16", "stage": "re", "unit": "inr_crore", "order": 30, "data": [ null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 332694, null ] }, "reserve_funds__be": { "name": "reserve_funds_be_inr_crore", "label": 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