{
 "meta": {
  "dossier": "poverty",
  "product": "pip",
  "source": "World Bank, Poverty and Inequality Platform (PIP)",
  "vintage": "2026-09-22",
  "mock": false,
  "geo": "IND",
  "releaseDate": "2026-09-22",
  "revisionPolicy": "Each PIP release can revise any past estimate (new PPPs, new population figures, reprocessed surveys). The raw dump keeps every release.",
  "frequency": "irregular",
  "base": "2021 PPP, comparable spell 1993-2009",
  "latestPeriod": "2009",
  "spell": "1993 - 2009",
  "surveys": [
   {
    "year": 1993,
    "survey": "NSS-SCH1",
    "period": "1993-1994",
    "welfare": "consumption",
    "distribution": "micro"
   },
   {
    "year": 2004,
    "survey": "NSS-SCH1",
    "period": "2004-2005",
    "welfare": "consumption",
    "distribution": "micro"
   },
   {
    "year": 2009,
    "survey": "NSS-SCH1",
    "period": "2009-2010",
    "welfare": "consumption",
    "distribution": "micro"
   }
  ],
  "coverage": "PIP surveys in the comparable spell 1993 to 2009: NSS-SCH1 1993-1994, NSS-SCH1 2004-2005, NSS-SCH1 2009-2010",
  "note": "Each date is a survey's reporting year (the survey's own period is in meta.surveys). Shares are per cent of people; money is 2021 PPP dollars a day per person. Poor counts are derived (headcount times population). Never join this spell to another."
 },
 "dates": [
  "1993-01-01",
  "2004-01-01",
  "2009-01-01"
 ],
 "series": {
  "headcount_3_00": {
   "name": "headcount_3.00",
   "label": "Share of people below $3.00 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    47.48,
    46.42,
    34.58
   ]
  },
  "poverty_gap_3_00": {
   "name": "poverty_gap_3.00",
   "label": "Poverty gap at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    11.48,
    10.95,
    7.29
   ]
  },
  "poverty_severity_3_00": {
   "name": "poverty_severity_3.00",
   "label": "Poverty severity (squared gap) at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    3.94,
    3.64,
    2.24
   ]
  },
  "watts_3_00": {
   "name": "watts_3.00",
   "label": "Watts index at $3.00 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "coefficient",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    0.1435,
    0.1355,
    0.0884
   ]
  },
  "poor_3_00": {
   "name": "poor_millions_3.00",
   "label": "People below $3.00 a day, millions (derived: headcount x population)",
   "unit": "million_persons",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    442.34,
    531.66,
    426.89
   ]
  },
  "headcount_4_20": {
   "name": "headcount_4.20",
   "label": "Share of people below $4.20 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    76.2,
    74.51,
    66.06
   ]
  },
  "poverty_gap_4_20": {
   "name": "poverty_gap_4.20",
   "label": "Poverty gap at $4.20 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    26.39,
    25.64,
    20.01
   ]
  },
  "poverty_severity_4_20": {
   "name": "poverty_severity_4.20",
   "label": "Poverty severity (squared gap) at $4.20 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    11.5,
    11.04,
    7.92
   ]
  },
  "watts_4_20": {
   "name": "watts_4.20",
   "label": "Watts index at $4.20 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "coefficient",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    0.355,
    0.3426,
    0.2597
   ]
  },
  "poor_4_20": {
   "name": "poor_millions_4.20",
   "label": "People below $4.20 a day, millions (derived: headcount x population)",
   "unit": "million_persons",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    709.91,
    853.39,
    815.51
   ]
  },
  "headcount_8_30": {
   "name": "headcount_8.30",
   "label": "Share of people below $8.30 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    97.3,
    96.34,
    94.96
   ]
  },
  "poverty_gap_8_30": {
   "name": "poverty_gap_8.30",
   "label": "Poverty gap at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    58.25,
    57.23,
    52.46
   ]
  },
  "poverty_severity_8_30": {
   "name": "poverty_severity_8.30",
   "label": "Poverty severity (squared gap) at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    37.55,
    36.71,
    31.87
   ]
  },
  "watts_8_30": {
   "name": "watts_8.30",
   "label": "Watts index at $8.30 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "coefficient",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    0.9666,
    0.9449,
    0.8329
   ]
  },
  "poor_8_30": {
   "name": "poor_millions_8.30",
   "label": "People below $8.30 a day, millions (derived: headcount x population)",
   "unit": "million_persons",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    906.49,
    1103.41,
    1172.28
   ]
  },
  "headcount_1_00": {
   "name": "headcount_1.00",
   "label": "Share of people below $1.00 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    0.36,
    0.21,
    0.11
   ]
  },
  "headcount_1_50": {
   "name": "headcount_1.50",
   "label": "Share of people below $1.50 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    3.1,
    2.36,
    1.19
   ]
  },
  "headcount_2_00": {
   "name": "headcount_2.00",
   "label": "Share of people below $2.00 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    13.03,
    12.22,
    6.92
   ]
  },
  "headcount_2_50": {
   "name": "headcount_2.50",
   "label": "Share of people below $2.50 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    29.94,
    29.2,
    19.53
   ]
  },
  "headcount_3_50": {
   "name": "headcount_3.50",
   "label": "Share of people below $3.50 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    62.21,
    60.98,
    49.64
   ]
  },
  "headcount_5_00": {
   "name": "headcount_5.00",
   "label": "Share of people below $5.00 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    85.41,
    83.88,
    77.74
   ]
  },
  "headcount_6_00": {
   "name": "headcount_6.00",
   "label": "Share of people below $6.00 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    91.69,
    90.4,
    86.66
   ]
  },
  "headcount_7_00": {
   "name": "headcount_7.00",
   "label": "Share of people below $7.00 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    95.06,
    93.83,
    91.47
   ]
  },
  "headcount_10_00": {
   "name": "headcount_10.00",
   "label": "Share of people below $10.00 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    98.65,
    97.94,
    97.23
   ]
  },
  "headcount_12_00": {
   "name": "headcount_12.00",
   "label": "Share of people below $12.00 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    99.36,
    98.8,
    98.42
   ]
  },
  "headcount_15_00": {
   "name": "headcount_15.00",
   "label": "Share of people below $15.00 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    99.73,
    99.41,
    99.18
   ]
  },
  "headcount_20_00": {
   "name": "headcount_20.00",
   "label": "Share of people below $20.00 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    99.88,
    99.77,
    99.71
   ]
  },
  "headcount_25_00": {
   "name": "headcount_25.00",
   "label": "Share of people below $25.00 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    99.94,
    99.86,
    99.84
   ]
  },
  "headcount_30_00": {
   "name": "headcount_30.00",
   "label": "Share of people below $30.00 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    99.96,
    99.93,
    99.89
   ]
  },
  "headcount_40_00": {
   "name": "headcount_40.00",
   "label": "Share of people below $40.00 a day (2021 PPP), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    99.98,
    99.96,
    99.95
   ]
  },
  "mean": {
   "name": "mean",
   "label": "Mean consumption per person a day, 2021 PPP $",
   "unit": "ppp_usd_day",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    3.5593,
    3.7046,
    4.1731
   ]
  },
  "median": {
   "name": "median",
   "label": "Median consumption per person a day, 2021 PPP $",
   "unit": "ppp_usd_day",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    3.0781,
    3.1112,
    3.512
   ]
  },
  "gini": {
   "name": "gini",
   "label": "Gini index of consumption",
   "unit": "gini_index",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    26.11,
    27.68,
    27.83
   ]
  },
  "mld": {
   "name": "mld",
   "label": "Mean log deviation (an inequality index)",
   "unit": "coefficient",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    0.1125,
    0.1262,
    0.1289
   ]
  },
  "polarization": {
   "name": "polarization",
   "label": "Polarisation index",
   "unit": "coefficient",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    0.2057,
    0.2137,
    0.2127
   ]
  },
  "spl": {
   "name": "spl",
   "label": "Societal poverty line, 2021 PPP $ a day",
   "unit": "ppp_usd_day",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    3,
    3,
    3.056
   ]
  },
  "spr": {
   "name": "spr",
   "label": "Societal poverty rate, per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    47.48,
    46.42,
    36.51
   ]
  },
  "pg": {
   "name": "pg",
   "label": "Prosperity gap: the average factor by which consumption falls short of the prosperity standard ($28 a day, 2021 PPP, as WDI states it)",
   "unit": "multiple",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    9.6965,
    9.471,
    8.4188
   ]
  },
  "ppp": {
   "name": "ppp",
   "label": "PPP conversion factor used (rupees per 2021 international $)",
   "unit": "inr_per_ppp_usd",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    19.469,
    19.469,
    19.469
   ]
  },
  "cpi": {
   "name": "cpi",
   "label": "CPI relative to 2021 used by PIP (2021 = 1)",
   "unit": "multiple",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    0.1693,
    0.336,
    0.4962
   ]
  },
  "reporting_pop": {
   "name": "reporting_pop",
   "label": "Population the estimate refers to",
   "unit": "count",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    931641077,
    1145333917.5,
    1234503158.5
   ]
  },
  "decile1": {
   "name": "decile1",
   "label": "Share of all consumption held by decile 1 (poorest tenth), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    4.42,
    4.4,
    4.37
   ]
  },
  "decile2": {
   "name": "decile2",
   "label": "Share of all consumption held by decile 2 (from the bottom tenth), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    5.8,
    5.65,
    5.6
   ]
  },
  "decile3": {
   "name": "decile3",
   "label": "Share of all consumption held by decile 3 (from the bottom tenth), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    6.64,
    6.44,
    6.43
   ]
  },
  "decile4": {
   "name": "decile4",
   "label": "Share of all consumption held by decile 4 (from the bottom tenth), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    7.42,
    7.2,
    7.22
   ]
  },
  "decile5": {
   "name": "decile5",
   "label": "Share of all consumption held by decile 5 (from the bottom tenth), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    8.22,
    7.99,
    7.99
   ]
  },
  "decile6": {
   "name": "decile6",
   "label": "Share of all consumption held by decile 6 (from the bottom tenth), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    9.11,
    8.86,
    8.86
   ]
  },
  "decile7": {
   "name": "decile7",
   "label": "Share of all consumption held by decile 7 (from the bottom tenth), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    10.17,
    9.94,
    9.93
   ]
  },
  "decile8": {
   "name": "decile8",
   "label": "Share of all consumption held by decile 8 (from the bottom tenth), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    11.62,
    11.46,
    11.47
   ]
  },
  "decile9": {
   "name": "decile9",
   "label": "Share of all consumption held by decile 9 (from the bottom tenth), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    14.02,
    13.96,
    13.91
   ]
  },
  "decile10": {
   "name": "decile10",
   "label": "Share of all consumption held by decile 10 (richest tenth), per cent",
   "unit": "pct",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    22.58,
    24.11,
    24.2
   ]
  },
  "survey_mean_lcu": {
   "name": "survey_mean_lcu",
   "label": "Mean consumption per person a day, rupees at survey prices",
   "unit": "inr_day",
   "color": "#878D99",
   "data": [
    11.732,
    24.2334,
    40.3116
   ]
  }
 }
}