{ "meta": { "dossier": "external-flows", "source": "Reserve Bank of India, Database on Indian Economy (via the Data Bank)", "geo": "IND", "releaseDate": null, "mock": false, "revisionPolicy": "Weekly reserves and daily rates are final on release. Investment flows, ECBs and LRS are revised in later Bulletins; external debt is provisional for a quarter, then partially revised.", "base": "as published", "frequency": "monthly", "unit": "usd_million", "vintage": "2026-10-09", "product": "Sale and purchase of US dollars by the RBI (DBIE report 730)", "coverage": "The RBI's dollar desk: gross purchases and sales every month since 1995, the net, the outstanding forward book and the currency futures segment", "note": "RBI DBIE report 730, US$ million. Net, purchases and sales as published. The forward book is a stock at the end of the month, not a flow. Months the source leaves blank are months with no reported operations, disclosed per series. Purchases minus sales does not equal the published net in 2014-03 (in March 2014 the table repeats the purchase figure, 9,462, as the sale). Read the net there, not the legs.", "legDefects": [ "2014-03-01" ], "latestPeriod": "2026-07" }, "dates": [ "1995-06-01", "1995-07-01", "1995-08-01", "1995-09-01", "1995-10-01", "1995-11-01", "1995-12-01", "1996-01-01", "1996-02-01", "1996-03-01", "1996-04-01", "1996-05-01", "1996-06-01", "1996-07-01", "1996-08-01", "1996-09-01", "1996-10-01", "1996-11-01", "1996-12-01", "1997-01-01", "1997-02-01", "1997-03-01", "1997-04-01", "1997-05-01", "1997-06-01", "1997-07-01", "1997-08-01", "1997-09-01", "1997-10-01", "1997-11-01", "1997-12-01", "1998-01-01", "1998-02-01", "1998-03-01", "1998-04-01", "1998-05-01", "1998-06-01", "1998-07-01", "1998-08-01", "1998-09-01", "1998-10-01", "1998-11-01", "1998-12-01", "1999-01-01", "1999-02-01", "1999-03-01", "1999-04-01", "1999-05-01", "1999-06-01", "1999-07-01", "1999-08-01", "1999-09-01", "1999-10-01", "1999-11-01", "1999-12-01", "2000-01-01", "2000-02-01", "2000-03-01", "2000-04-01", "2000-05-01", "2000-06-01", "2000-07-01", "2000-08-01", "2000-09-01", "2000-10-01", "2000-11-01", "2000-12-01", "2001-01-01", "2001-02-01", "2001-03-01", "2001-04-01", "2001-05-01", "2001-06-01", "2001-07-01", "2001-08-01", "2001-09-01", "2001-10-01", "2001-11-01", "2001-12-01", "2002-01-01", "2002-02-01", "2002-03-01", "2002-04-01", "2002-05-01", "2002-06-01", "2002-07-01", "2002-08-01", "2002-09-01", "2002-10-01", "2002-11-01", "2002-12-01", "2003-01-01", "2003-02-01", "2003-03-01", "2003-04-01", "2003-05-01", "2003-06-01", "2003-07-01", "2003-08-01", "2003-09-01", "2003-10-01", "2003-11-01", "2003-12-01", "2004-01-01", "2004-02-01", "2004-03-01", "2004-04-01", "2004-05-01", "2004-06-01", "2004-07-01", "2004-08-01", "2004-09-01", "2004-10-01", "2004-11-01", "2004-12-01", "2005-01-01", "2005-02-01", "2005-03-01", "2005-04-01", "2005-05-01", "2005-06-01", "2005-07-01", "2005-08-01", "2005-09-01", "2005-10-01", "2005-11-01", "2005-12-01", "2006-01-01", "2006-02-01", "2006-03-01", "2006-04-01", "2006-05-01", "2006-06-01", "2006-07-01", "2006-08-01", "2006-09-01", "2006-10-01", "2006-11-01", "2006-12-01", "2007-01-01", "2007-02-01", "2007-03-01", "2007-04-01", "2007-05-01", "2007-06-01", "2007-07-01", "2007-08-01", "2007-09-01", "2007-10-01", "2007-11-01", "2007-12-01", "2008-01-01", "2008-02-01", "2008-03-01", "2008-04-01", "2008-05-01", "2008-06-01", "2008-07-01", "2008-08-01", "2008-09-01", "2008-10-01", "2008-11-01", "2008-12-01", "2009-01-01", "2009-02-01", "2009-03-01", "2009-04-01", "2009-05-01", "2009-06-01", "2009-07-01", "2009-08-01", "2009-09-01", "2009-10-01", "2009-11-01", "2009-12-01", "2010-01-01", "2010-02-01", "2010-03-01", "2010-04-01", "2010-05-01", "2010-06-01", "2010-07-01", "2010-08-01", "2010-09-01", "2010-10-01", "2010-11-01", "2010-12-01", "2011-01-01", "2011-02-01", "2011-03-01", "2011-04-01", "2011-05-01", "2011-06-01", "2011-07-01", "2011-08-01", "2011-09-01", "2011-10-01", "2011-11-01", "2011-12-01", "2012-01-01", "2012-02-01", "2012-03-01", "2012-04-01", "2012-05-01", "2012-06-01", "2012-07-01", "2012-08-01", "2012-09-01", "2012-10-01", "2012-11-01", "2012-12-01", "2013-01-01", "2013-02-01", "2013-03-01", "2013-04-01", "2013-05-01", "2013-06-01", "2013-07-01", "2013-08-01", "2013-09-01", "2013-10-01", "2013-11-01", "2013-12-01", "2014-01-01", "2014-02-01", "2014-03-01", "2014-04-01", "2014-05-01", "2014-06-01", "2014-07-01", "2014-08-01", "2014-09-01", "2014-10-01", "2014-11-01", "2014-12-01", "2015-01-01", "2015-02-01", "2015-03-01", "2015-04-01", "2015-05-01", "2015-06-01", "2015-07-01", "2015-08-01", "2015-09-01", "2015-10-01", "2015-11-01", "2015-12-01", "2016-01-01", "2016-02-01", "2016-03-01", "2016-04-01", "2016-05-01", "2016-06-01", "2016-07-01", "2016-08-01", "2016-09-01", "2016-10-01", "2016-11-01", "2016-12-01", "2017-01-01", "2017-02-01", "2017-03-01", "2017-04-01", "2017-05-01", "2017-06-01", "2017-07-01", "2017-08-01", "2017-09-01", "2017-10-01", "2017-11-01", "2017-12-01", "2018-01-01", "2018-02-01", "2018-03-01", "2018-04-01", "2018-05-01", "2018-06-01", "2018-07-01", "2018-08-01", "2018-09-01", "2018-10-01", "2018-11-01", "2018-12-01", "2019-01-01", "2019-02-01", "2019-03-01", "2019-04-01", "2019-05-01", "2019-06-01", "2019-07-01", "2019-08-01", "2019-09-01", "2019-10-01", "2019-11-01", "2019-12-01", "2020-01-01", "2020-02-01", "2020-03-01", "2020-04-01", "2020-05-01", "2020-06-01", "2020-07-01", "2020-08-01", "2020-09-01", "2020-10-01", "2020-11-01", "2020-12-01", "2021-01-01", "2021-02-01", "2021-03-01", "2021-04-01", "2021-05-01", "2021-06-01", "2021-07-01", "2021-08-01", "2021-09-01", "2021-10-01", "2021-11-01", "2021-12-01", "2022-01-01", "2022-02-01", "2022-03-01", "2022-04-01", "2022-05-01", "2022-06-01", "2022-07-01", "2022-08-01", "2022-09-01", "2022-10-01", "2022-11-01", "2022-12-01", "2023-01-01", "2023-02-01", "2023-03-01", "2023-04-01", "2023-05-01", "2023-06-01", "2023-07-01", "2023-08-01", "2023-09-01", "2023-10-01", "2023-11-01", "2023-12-01", "2024-01-01", "2024-02-01", "2024-03-01", "2024-04-01", "2024-05-01", "2024-06-01", "2024-07-01", "2024-08-01", "2024-09-01", "2024-10-01", "2024-11-01", "2024-12-01", "2025-01-01", "2025-02-01", "2025-03-01", "2025-04-01", "2025-05-01", "2025-06-01", "2025-07-01", "2025-08-01", "2025-09-01", "2025-10-01", "2025-11-01", "2025-12-01", "2026-01-01", "2026-02-01", "2026-03-01", "2026-04-01", "2026-05-01", "2026-06-01", "2026-07-01" ], "series": { "net": { "label": "Net purchase (+) / sale (−), US$ million", "data": [ 36, 338.18, null, null, -785, -111, -56, -402, -328, 960, 368, 101, 785, 294, 247.5, 672, 840.5, 132.5, 551, 550, 929.5, 2329, 641, 1393, 1335, 1185, 872, -978, 189, -1590, -407, 422, -681, 1449, 201, -754, -1627, -121, 542, 760, 95, 75, -84, 477, 858, 1420, 38, 974.5, -156.75, -363, -241.7, -525.55, -9.99, 620.8, 351.25, 169.5, 743.5, 1648.18, 368, -897.15, -1051.2, -408.75, -466.75, -287.09, -494, 3686.11, -155.14, 831.55, 623.94, 606.32, -18.25, 468.75, 36.27, -271.66, 681.75, -894.11, 237.33, 1542.05, 1040.43, 1391.2, 566.75, 2282.51, 476.5, 86, 240.75, 1829.05, 1178.75, 965.13, 1171, 2114.5, 1678.98, 1784.5, 2334.5, 1849.42, 1431.5, 2342, 896.42, 3145.5, 2351.5, 2344.58, 1593.28, 3449, 2888.1, 3293.5, 3356.5, 3381.5, 7426.5, -220, -413.45, -1179.5, -875.5, 19, -99, 3791.5, 1393.28, null, 4974, 6030, null, null, -103.64, 2473, 1552, null, null, null, -6541.48, null, 2614, 8149, 4305, 504, null, null, null, null, null, 3198, 1818, 2830, 11862, 2307, 2055, 4426, 3192, 11428, 1815, 11867, 12544, 7827, 2731, 13625, 3884, 2809, 4325, 148, -5229, -6320, 1210, -3784, -18666, -3101, -318, -29, 230, -3388, -2487, -1437, 1044, -55, 181, 80, 75, -36, null, null, null, null, null, null, 110, null, null, 260, 450, 870, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, -845, -943, -2918, -7809, -7303, -320, null, -275, -485, -50, -785, -452, -10, -95, -921, -50, -18, -280, 820, 518, -107, -2252, -5976, -2464, -3548, 3928, 10087, 3483, -1929, -530, 7782, 5870, 1786, 597, 5453, -511, 1437, 2703, 3081, 6739, 12137, 7874, 7671, 5431, 2578, 565, 169, -1559, -60, 1934, 15, -179, -30, -3341, 4686, 1339, 554, 1918, 1400, 850, 4649, -418, -2718, 463, -414, 1190, 3538, 566, 5006, 3291, 2953, 3226, 1259, 852, 864, 5647, 7364, 1665, 996, -2483, -5767, -6184, -1874, -2323, -31, -7204, -644, 607, 293, 825, 9408, 4901, 2538, 2463, -93, -4072, 5614, 7102, 6928, 4360, 10266, 9144, -4054, -1142, 4363, 9814, 15973, 5307, 8172, 15640, 10261, 3991, 2854, -1219, -5699, 4212, 5842, 18633, 7205, 3747, 791, -100, null, -2917, -771, 771, -20101, 1965, 2001, -3719, -19049, -4254, -10361, -922, 4361, 3842, -384, 254, 750, 7704, 7371, 4504, 3472, -3856, -1508, -310, -1929, 2067, 1950, 8557, 13249, -3647, 4222, -2107, 6934, -6494, 9639, -9275, -20228, -15150, -11139, -1621, 14355, -1660, 1764, -3661, -2540, -7695, -7910, -11877, -9710, -10020, 2526, 7409, -9758, -8944, -6104, 561, 18652 ], "gaps": [ "1995-08-01", "1995-09-01", "2005-01-01", "2005-04-01", "2005-05-01", "2005-09-01", "2005-10-01", "2005-11-01", "2006-01-01", "2006-06-01", "2006-07-01", "2006-08-01", "2006-09-01", "2006-10-01", "2009-12-01", "2010-01-01", "2010-02-01", "2010-03-01", "2010-04-01", "2010-05-01", "2010-07-01", "2010-08-01", "2010-12-01", "2011-01-01", "2011-02-01", "2011-03-01", "2011-04-01", "2011-05-01", "2011-06-01", "2011-07-01", "2011-08-01", "2012-03-01", "2021-11-01" ], "gapsNote": "No operation reported for these months.", "unit": "usd_million" }, "purchase": { "label": "Gross purchases of dollars, US$ million", "data": [ 36, 338.18, null, null, 6.5, 290, 272, 1368, 140, 1135, 577, 336, 1150, 1192, 822.5, 672, 840.5, 415.5, 1410, 565, 929.5, 2329, 641, 1759, 1828, 1185, 1363, 432, 552, 724, 812, 2532, 1041, 2194, 1159, 800, 4848, 4457, 5460, 2863, 1060, 538, 1228, 1718, 1588, 3027, 2437, 2542.5, 2348, 1796, 1770, 1345, 1338.5, 1748.8, 1904.25, 1254, 1872.5, 3720, 2272, 3183, 2780, 2426, 1183.5, 728, 510.5, 8078.61, 2049.36, 2166.25, 1080.44, 1745, 1608.5, 1082.25, 1205.5, 859, 1733.75, 1432, 1280.75, 2977.05, 2381.6, 2781.7, 1769.25, 3710.55, 2082, 1232.5, 812, 2514.05, 2637.75, 2921.5, 2593.5, 3086.5, 3230.5, 2830.5, 3505.5, 3188.5, 2942.5, 3978, 1878.5, 6095.5, 3711.5, 6574, 6821, 4029, 3372.5, 4321.5, 5519.5, 6170.5, 10758.5, 3219.5, 969.5, null, 5, 143, 5, 3791.5, 1501.5, null, 4974, 6030, null, null, null, 2473, 2003, null, null, null, null, null, 2614, 8149, 4305, 504, null, null, null, null, null, 3198, 1818, 2830, 11862, 2307, 2055, 4426, 3192, 11428, 1815, 11867, 12544, 7827, 2731, 13625, 3884, 4302, 4325, 1625, 1770, 3580, 3770, 2695, 1960, 2355, 2005, 1055, 1063, 360, 204, 923, 1279, 570, 415, 260, 125, 234, null, null, null, null, null, null, 370, null, null, 260, 450, 1370, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 1115, 550, null, 778, 650, null, 100, 300, 1055, 855, 1685, 2039, 3021, 3165, 3298, 3003, 469, 50, 724, 3369, 9510, 17787, 5057, 375, null, 9462, 7850, 7981, 3332, 9348, 3964, 11207, 14257, 13027, 17908, 15259, 9630, 10651, 9756, 6013, 5530, 4123, 4486, 6035, 6996, 3004, 2620, 3240, 3462, 8034, 2639, 4369, 3948, 4465, 5070, 9041, 9548, 19127, 4997, 1335, 2201, 5024, 1751, 7020, 4971, 4893, 4556, 3788, 1910, 2570, 6008, 7953, 3320, 3328, 5536, 4101, 4020, 4129, 3680, 1012, 945, 3127, 837, 1025, 2086, 10306, 7724, 5118, 4434, 1592, 615, 6514, 7302, 7458, 5374, 11486, 10604, 3984, 2450, 4663, 14847, 16903, 8524, 13322, 15640, 14289, 10014, 18225, 23352, 20250, 8182, 7142, 21923, 16160, 10887, 9169, 7755, 8489, 7475, 6548, 5946, 4315, 11965, 10143, 18960, 19721, 18858, 23265, 24855, 22281, 12817, 12902, 4381, 6906, 8404, 7371, 7785, 5315, 500, 27757, 36650, 34986, 31730, 10400, 8557, 14841, 8006, 23647, 15936, 23569, 16141, 28930, 27503, 30880, 53898, 49145, 45030, 41515, 10110, 9124, 1164, 0, 0, 2200, 17685, 14350, 18330, 27999, 21403, 19880, 16225, 22229, 30891, 38417 ], "gaps": [ "1995-08-01", "1995-09-01", "2004-07-01", "2005-01-01", "2005-04-01", "2005-05-01", "2005-06-01", "2005-09-01", "2005-10-01", "2005-11-01", "2005-12-01", "2006-01-01", "2006-06-01", "2006-07-01", "2006-08-01", "2006-09-01", "2006-10-01", "2009-12-01", "2010-01-01", "2010-02-01", "2010-03-01", "2010-04-01", "2010-05-01", "2010-07-01", "2010-08-01", "2010-12-01", "2011-01-01", "2011-02-01", "2011-03-01", "2011-04-01", "2011-05-01", "2011-06-01", "2011-07-01", "2011-08-01", "2011-09-01", "2011-10-01", "2011-11-01", "2011-12-01", "2012-01-01", "2012-04-01", "2012-07-01", "2014-02-01" ], "gapsNote": "No operation reported for these months.", "unit": "usd_million" }, "sale": { "label": "Gross sales of dollars, US$ million", "data": [ null, null, null, null, 791.5, 401, 328, 1770, 468, 175, 209, 235, 365, 898, 575, null, null, 283, 859, 15, null, null, null, 366, 493, null, 491, 1410, 363, 2314, 1219, 2110, 1722, 745, 958, 1554, 6475, 4578, 4918, 2103, 965, 463, 1312, 1241, 730, 1607, 2399, 1568, 2504.75, 2159, 2011.7, 1870.55, 1348.49, 1128, 1553, 1084.5, 1129, 2071.82, 1904, 4080.15, 3831.2, 2834.75, 1650.25, 1015.09, 1004.5, 4392.5, 2204.5, 1334.7, 456.5, 1138.68, 1626.75, 613.5, 1169.23, 1130.66, 1052, 2326.11, 1043.42, 1435, 1341.17, 1390.5, 1202.5, 1428.04, 1605.5, 1146.5, 571.25, 685, 1459, 1956.37, 1422.5, 972, 1551.52, 1046, 1171, 1339.08, 1511, 1636, 982.08, 2950, 1360, 4229.42, 5227.72, 580, 484.4, 1028, 2163, 2789, 3332, 3439.5, 1382.95, 1179.5, 880.5, 124, 104, null, 108.22, null, null, null, null, null, 103.64, null, 451, null, null, null, 6541.48, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 1493, null, 1477, 6999, 9900, 2560, 6479, 20626, 5456, 2323, 1084, 833, 3748, 2691, 2360, 235, 625, 234, 180, 50, 270, null, null, null, null, null, null, 260, null, null, null, null, 500, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, null, 845, 943, 2918, 7809, 7303, 1435, 550, 275, 1263, 700, 785, 552, 310, 1150, 1776, 1735, 2057, 3301, 2345, 2780, 3110, 2721, 6026, 3188, 6917, 5582, 7700, 1574, 2304, 530, 9462, 1980, 6195, 2735, 3895, 4475, 9770, 11554, 9946, 11169, 3122, 1756, 2980, 4325, 3435, 4965, 3954, 6045, 6095, 5062, 2989, 2799, 3270, 6803, 3348, 1300, 3815, 2030, 3065, 4220, 4392, 9966, 21845, 4534, 1749, 1011, 1486, 1185, 2014, 1680, 1940, 1330, 2529, 1058, 1706, 361, 589, 1655, 2332, 8019, 9868, 10204, 6003, 6003, 1043, 8149, 3771, 230, 732, 1261, 898, 2823, 2580, 1971, 1685, 4687, 900, 200, 530, 1014, 1220, 1460, 8038, 3592, 300, 5033, 930, 3217, 5150, null, 4028, 6023, 15371, 24571, 25949, 3970, 1300, 3290, 8955, 7140, 8378, 7855, 8489, 10392, 7319, 5175, 24416, 10000, 8142, 22679, 38770, 23112, 33626, 25777, 17920, 8975, 13286, 4127, 6156, 700, null, 3281, 1843, 4356, 29265, 36960, 36915, 29663, 8450, null, 1592, 11653, 19425, 18043, 16635, 22635, 19291, 36778, 51108, 69048, 60284, 46651, 27160, 11770, 7360, 4825, 2540, 7695, 10110, 29562, 24060, 28350, 25473, 13994, 29638, 25169, 28333, 30330, 19765 ], "gaps": [ "1996-09-01", "1996-10-01", "1997-02-01", "1997-03-01", "1997-04-01", "1997-07-01", "2004-11-01", "2005-01-01", "2005-02-01", "2005-03-01", "2005-04-01", "2005-05-01", "2005-07-01", "2005-09-01", "2005-10-01", "2005-11-01", "2006-01-01", "2006-02-01", "2006-03-01", "2006-04-01", "2006-05-01", "2006-06-01", "2006-07-01", "2006-08-01", "2006-09-01", "2006-10-01", "2006-11-01", "2006-12-01", "2007-01-01", "2007-02-01", "2007-03-01", "2007-04-01", "2007-05-01", "2007-06-01", "2007-07-01", "2007-08-01", "2007-09-01", "2007-10-01", "2007-11-01", "2007-12-01", "2008-01-01", "2008-02-01", "2008-04-01", "2009-12-01", "2010-01-01", "2010-02-01", "2010-03-01", "2010-04-01", "2010-05-01", "2010-07-01", "2010-08-01", "2010-09-01", "2010-10-01", "2010-12-01", "2011-01-01", "2011-02-01", "2011-03-01", "2011-04-01", "2011-05-01", "2011-06-01", "2011-07-01", "2011-08-01", "2020-10-01", "2023-05-01", "2024-02-01" ], "gapsNote": "No operation reported for these months.", "unit": "usd_million" }, "cumulative_net": { "label": "Net 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